..cmake第一章：从简单的可执行文件到库

2.切换生成器

2.切换生成器

显示构建器 （cmake –help）

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$ cmake --help
...
Generators

The following generators are available on this platform (* marks default):
* Visual Studio 16 2019        = Generates Visual Studio 2019 project files.
                                 Use -A option to specify architecture.
  Visual Studio 15 2017 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2017 project files.
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "ARM".
  Visual Studio 14 2015 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2015 project files.
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "ARM".
  Visual Studio 12 2013 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2013 project files.
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "ARM".
  Visual Studio 11 2012 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2012 project files.
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "ARM".
  Visual Studio 10 2010 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2010 project files.
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "IA64".
  Visual Studio 9 2008 [arch]  = Generates Visual Studio 2008 project files.
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "IA64".
  Borland Makefiles            = Generates Borland makefiles.
  NMake Makefiles              = Generates NMake makefiles.
  NMake Makefiles JOM          = Generates JOM makefiles.
  MSYS Makefiles               = Generates MSYS makefiles.
  MinGW Makefiles              = Generates a make file for use with
                                 mingw32-make.
  Green Hills MULTI            = Generates Green Hills MULTI files
                                 (experimental, work-in-progress).
  Unix Makefiles               = Generates standard UNIX makefiles.
  Ninja                        = Generates build.ninja files.
  Ninja Multi-Config           = Generates build-<Config>.ninja files.
  Watcom WMake                 = Generates Watcom WMake makefiles.
  CodeBlocks - MinGW Makefiles = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
  CodeBlocks - NMake Makefiles = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
  CodeBlocks - NMake Makefiles JOM
                               = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
  CodeBlocks - Ninja           = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
  CodeBlocks - Unix Makefiles  = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
  CodeLite - MinGW Makefiles   = Generates CodeLite project files.
  CodeLite - NMake Makefiles   = Generates CodeLite project files.
  CodeLite - Ninja             = Generates CodeLite project files.
  CodeLite - Unix Makefiles    = Generates CodeLite project files.
  Eclipse CDT4 - NMake Makefiles
                               = Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
  Eclipse CDT4 - MinGW Makefiles
                               = Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
  Eclipse CDT4 - Ninja         = Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
  Eclipse CDT4 - Unix Makefiles= Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
  Kate - MinGW Makefiles       = Generates Kate project files.
  Kate - NMake Makefiles       = Generates Kate project files.
  Kate - Ninja                 = Generates Kate project files.
  Kate - Unix Makefiles        = Generates Kate project files.
  Sublime Text 2 - MinGW Makefiles
                               = Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.
  Sublime Text 2 - NMake Makefiles
                               = Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.
  Sublime Text 2 - Ninja       = Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.
  Sublime Text 2 - Unix Makefiles
                               = Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.

具体实施（用 -G 切换生成器）

  1. 首先，使用以下步骤配置项目:

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    $ mkdir build
    $ cd build
    $ cmake -G "CodeBlocks - Unix Makefiles" ..

如何工作

与前一个配置相比，每一步的输出没什么变化。每个生成器都有自己的文件集，所以编译步骤的输出和
构建目录的内容是不同的：
build.ninja 和 rules.ninja ：包含 Ninja 的所有的构建语句和构建规则。
CMakeCache.txt ：CMake 会在这个文件中进行缓存，与生成器无关。
CMakeFiles ：包含由 CMake 在配置期间生成的临时文件。
cmake_install.cmake ：CMake 脚本处理安装规则，并在安装时使用。
cmake –build . 将 ninja 命令封装在一个跨平台的接口中。

测试代码

C示例：

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// hello-world.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

char *say_hello() { return "Hello, CMake world!"; }

int main() {
  printf("%s\n", say_hello());
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
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# CMakeLists.txt
# 设置最低 cmake 版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5 FATAL_ERROR)

# 项目名称和语言
project(recipe-01 LANGUAGES C)

add_executable(hello-world hello-world.c)

C++示例：

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//hello-world.cpp
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

std::string say_hello() { return std::string("Hello, CMake world!"); }

int main() {
  std::cout << say_hello() << std::endl;
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
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# CMakeLists.txt
# 设置最低 cmake 版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5 FATAL_ERROR)

# 项目名称和语言
project(recipe-01 LANGUAGES CXX)

add_executable(hello-world hello-world.cpp)